Where is cortisol primarily produced in the body?

Cortisol is primarily produced in the adrenal glands, which are small, triangular-shaped glands located on top of each kidney. These glands have two main parts: the outer cortex and the inner medulla. Cortisol is produced in the adrenal cortex and plays a crucial role in regulating various bodily functions, including metabolism, the immune response, and blood pressure. It is often referred to as a stress hormone because its levels increase in response to stress, helping to mobilize energy and manage other physiological responses during challenging situations.

The other options refer to different organs that have distinct functions: the pancreas produces insulin and glucagon for glucose metabolism, the liver plays a central role in various metabolic processes, and the kidneys are involved in filtering blood and regulating fluids, but they do not produce cortisol. Thus, the production of cortisol is specifically linked to the adrenal glands, confirming it as the correct answer.